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README
Apache-2.0

##Elastic-Job - distributed scheduled job solution

English

原1.x版本文档

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概览

Elastic-Job是一个分布式调度解决方案,由两个相互独立的子项目Elastic-Job-Lite和Elastic-Job-Cloud组成。

Elastic-Job-Lite定位为轻量级无中心化解决方案,使用jar包的形式提供分布式任务的协调服务。 Elastic-Job-Cloud使用Mesos + Docker(TBD)的解决方案,额外提供资源治理、应用分发以及进程隔离等服务。

Elastic-Job-Lite和Elastic-Job-Cloud提供同一套API开发作业,开发者仅需一次开发,即可根据需要以Lite或Cloud的方式部署。

为何使用Elastic-Job?

通用部分

1. 分片概念

任务的分布式执行,需要将一个任务拆分为n个独立的任务项,然后由分布式的服务器分别执行某一个或几个分片项。

例如:有一个遍历数据库某张表的作业,现有2台服务器。为了快速的执行作业,那么每台服务器应执行作业的50%。 为满足此需求,可将作业分成2片,每台服务器执行1片。作业遍历数据的逻辑应为:服务器A遍历ID以奇数结尾的数据;服务器B遍历ID以偶数结尾的数据。 如果分成10片,则作业遍历数据的逻辑应为:每片分到的分片项应为ID%10,而服务器A被分配到分片项0,1,2,3,4;服务器B被分配到分片项5,6,7,8,9,直接的结果就是服务器A遍历ID0-4结尾的数据;服务器B遍历ID5-9结尾的数据。

2. 分片项与业务处理解耦

Elastic-Job并不直接提供数据处理的功能,框架只会将分片项分配至各个运行中的作业服务器,开发者需要自行处理分片项与真实数据的对应关系。

3. 个性化参数的适用场景

个性化参数即shardingItemParameter,可以和分片项匹配对应关系,用于将分片项的数字转换为更加可读的业务代码。

例如:按照地区水平拆分数据库,数据库A是北京的数据;数据库B是上海的数据;数据库C是广州的数据。 如果仅按照分片项配置,开发者需要了解0表示北京;1表示上海;2表示广州。 合理使用个性化参数可以让代码更可读,如果配置为0=北京,1=上海,2=广州,那么代码中直接使用北京,上海,广州的枚举值即可完成分片项和业务逻辑的对应关系。

Elastic-Job-Lite

1. 分布式调度

Elastic-Job-Lite并无作业调度中心节点,而是基于部署作业框架的程序在到达相应时间点时各自触发调度。

注册中心仅用于作业注册和监控信息存储。而主作业节点仅用于处理分片和清理等功能。

2. 作业高可用

Elastic-Job-Lite提供最安全的方式执行作业。将分片总数设置为1,并使用多于1台的服务器执行作业,作业将会以1n从的方式执行。

一旦执行作业的服务器崩溃,等待执行的服务器将会在下次作业启动时替补执行。开启失效转移功能效果更好,可以保证在本次作业执行时崩溃,备机立即启动替补执行。

3. 最大限度利用资源

Elastic-Job-Lite也提供最灵活的方式,最大限度的提高执行作业的吞吐量。将分片项设置为大于服务器的数量,最好是大于服务器倍数的数量,作业将会合理的利用分布式资源,动态的分配分片项。

例如:3台服务器,分成10片,则分片项分配结果为服务器A=0,1,2;服务器B=3,4,5;服务器C=6,7,8,9。 如果服务器C崩溃,则分片项分配结果为服务器A=0,1,2,3,4;服务器B=5,6,7,8,9。在不丢失分片项的情况下,最大限度的利用现有资源提高吞吐量。

Elastic-Job-Cloud

1. 分布式调度

Elastic-Job-Cloud采用Mesos Framework分片和协调作业调度。采用中心化调度实现难度小于Elastic-Job-Lite的无中心化调度,无需再考虑多线程并发的情况。

2. 作业高可用

Elastic-Job-CloudMesos Framework负责作业高可用和分片。作业丢失会由Mesos Framework自动在另外的Agent上重新启动作业分片实例。

3. 弹性资源利用

Elastic-Job-Cloud分为2种作业运行模式:瞬时作业 和 常驻作业。

瞬时作业会在每一次作业执行完毕后立刻释放资源,保证利用现有资源错峰执行。资源分配和容器启动均占用一定时长,且作业执行时资源不一定充足,因此作业执行会有延迟。瞬时作业适用于间隔时间长,资源消耗多且对执行时间无严格要求的作业。

常驻作业无论在运行时还是等待运行时,均一直占用分配的资源,可节省过多容器启动和资源分配的开销,适用于间隔时间短,资源需求量稳定的作业。

功能列表

1. Elastic-Job-Lite

  • 分布式调度协调
  • 弹性扩容缩容
  • 失效转移
  • 错过执行作业重触发
  • 作业分片一致性,保证同一分片在分布式环境中仅一个执行实例
  • 支持并行调度
  • 支持作业声明周期操作
  • 丰富的作业类型
  • Spring整合以及命名空间提供
  • 运维平台

2. Elastic-Job-Cloud

  • 包含Elastic-Job-Lite的全部功能
  • 应用自动分发
  • 基于Fenzo的弹性资源分配
  • 基于Docker的进程隔离(TBD)

Roadmap

Release Notes

Architecture

Elastic-Job-Lite

Elastic-Job-Lite Architecture


Elastic-Job-Cloud

Elastic-Job-Lite Architecture

Quick Start

Elastic-Job-Lite

引入maven依赖

<!-- 引入elastic-job-lite核心模块 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId>
    <artifactId>elastic-job-lite-core</artifactId>
    <version>${latest.release.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- 使用springframework自定义命名空间时引入 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId>
    <artifactId>elastic-job-lite-spring</artifactId>
    <version>${latest.release.version}</version>
</dependency>

作业开发

public class MyElasticJob implements SimpleJob {
    
    @Override
    public void execute(ShardingContext context) {
        switch (context.getShardingItem()) {
            case 0: 
                // do something by sharding item 0
                break;
            case 1: 
                // do something by sharding item 1
                break;
            case 2: 
                // do something by sharding item 2
                break;
            // case n: ...
        }
    }
}

作业配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:reg="http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/reg"
    xmlns:job="http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/job"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/reg
                        http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/reg/reg.xsd
                        http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/job
                        http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/job/job.xsd
                        ">
    <!--配置作业注册中心 -->
    <reg:zookeeper id="regCenter" server-lists=" yourhost:2181" namespace="dd-job" base-sleep-time-milliseconds="1000" max-sleep-time-milliseconds="3000" max-retries="3" />
    
    <!-- 配置作业-->
    <job:simple id="oneOffElasticJob" class="xxx.MyElasticJob" registry-center-ref="regCenter" cron="0/10 * * * * ?" sharding-total-count="3" sharding-item-parameters="0=A,1=B,2=C" />
</beans>

Elastic-Job-Cloud

引入maven依赖

<!-- 引入elastic-job-cloud执行器模块 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.dangdang</groupId>
    <artifactId>elastic-job-cloud-executor</artifactId>
    <version>${latest.release.version}</version>
</dependency>

作业开发

Elastic-Job-Lite

作业配置

curl -l -H "Content-type: application/json" -X POST -d 
'{"jobName":"foo_job","jobClass":"yourJobClass","jobType":"SIMPLE","jobExecutionType":"TRANSIENT","cron":"0/5 * * * * ?","shardingTotalCount":5,"cpuCount":0.1,"memoryMB":64.0,"appURL":"http://app_host:8080/foo-job.tar.gz","failover":true,"misfire":true,"bootstrapScript":"bin/start.sh"}' 
http://elastic_job_cloud_host:8899/job/register

相关文档

1. Elastic-Job-Lite

2. Elastic-Job-Cloud

3. FAQ

4. 采用公司

5. 其他第三方文档

**讨论QQ群:**430066234(不限于Elastic-Job,包括分布式,定时任务相关以及其他互联网技术交流。由于QQ群已接近饱和,我们希望您在申请加群之前仔细阅读文档,并在加群申请中正确回答问题,以及在申请时写上您的姓名和公司名称。并且在入群后及时修改群名片。否则我们将有权拒绝您的入群申请。谢谢合作。)

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简介

Elastic-Job是一个分布式调度解决方案,由两个相互独立的子项目Elastic-Job-Lite和Elastic-Job-Cloud组成。 Elastic-Job-Lite定位为轻量级无中心化解决方案,使用jar包的形式提供分布式任务的协调服务。 Elastic-Job-Cloud使用Mesos + Docker(TBD)的解决方案,额外提供资源治理、应用分发以及进程隔离等服务。 Elastic-Job-Lite和Elastic-Job-Cloud提供同一套API开发作业,开发者仅需一次开发,即可根据需要以Lite或Cloud的方式部署。 展开 收起
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