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README
Apache-2.0

uni-cloud-router

基于 koa 风格的 uniCloud 云函数路由库,同时支持 uniCloud 客户端及 URL 化访问


云函数端

安装

npm install --save uni-cloud-router

目录结构

├── package.json
├── index.js // 云函数入口文件
├── config.js // 用于配置 router 应用根目录、中间件等
├── controller // 用于解析用户的输入,处理后返回相应的结果
|   ├── user.js
├── service (可选) //用于编写业务逻辑层,建议使用
|   ├── user.js
// index.js (通常无需改动)
const Router = require('uni-cloud-router').Router // 引入 Router
const router = new Router(require('./config.js')) // 根据 config 初始化 Router
exports.main = async (event, context) => {
  return router.serve(event, context) // 由 Router 接管云函数
}
// config.js
module.exports = {
  debug: true, // 调试模式时,将返回 stack 错误堆栈
  baseDir: __dirname, // 必选,应用根目录
  middleware: [], // 自定义中间件
}
// controller/user.js
const uniID = require('uni-id')
const Controller = require('uni-cloud-router').Controller
// 必须继承 Controller
module.exports = class UserController extends Controller {
  async login() {
    const { username, password } = this.ctx.data // 获取请求参数
    // 使用 uni-id 登录
    return uniID.login({
      username,
      password,
    })
  }
}

控制器(Controller)

负责解析用户的输入,处理后返回相应的结果。

推荐 Controller 层主要对用户的请求参数进行处理(校验、转换),然后调用对应的 service 方法处理业务,得到业务结果后封装并返回:

  1. 获取用户传递过来的请求参数。
  2. 校验、组装参数。
  3. 调用 Service 进行业务处理,必要时处理转换 Service 的返回结果,让它适应用户的需求。
  4. 将结果响应给用户。

如何编写 Controller

所有的 Controller 文件都必须放在 controller 目录下,可以支持多级目录,访问的时候可以通过目录名级联访问。

// controller/post.js
const Controller = require('uni-cloud-router').Controller
// 必须继承 Controller 类
module.exports = class PostController extends Controller {
  async create() {
    const { ctx, service } = this
    // 校验参数
    ctx.validate({
      title: { type: 'string' },
      content: { type: 'string' },
    })
    // 组装参数
    const author = ctx.auth.uid
    const post = Object.assign(ctx.data, { author })
    // 调用 Service 进行业务处理
    return service.post.create(post)
  }
}

定义的 Controller 类,会在每一个请求访问时实例化一个全新的对象,会有下面几个属性挂在 this 上。

  • this.ctx:当前请求的上下文对象的实例,通过它我们可以拿到各种便捷属性和方法。
  • this.service:应用定义的 service,通过它我们可以访问到抽象出的业务层,等同于 this.ctx.service
  • this.db:等同于 uniCloud.database()
  • this.curl:等同于 uniCloud.httpclient.request
  • this.throw:抛出异常信息,等同于 this.ctx.throw

获取请求参数

通过在 Controller 上绑定的 Context 实例的 data 属性,获取请求发送过来的参数

class PostController extends Controller {
  async listPosts() {
    const data = this.ctx.data
    // {
    //   username: 'demo',
    //   password: 'demo',
    // }
  }
}

调用 Service

通过 Service 层进行业务逻辑的封装,不仅能提高代码的复用性,同时可以让业务逻辑更好测试。

Controller 中可以调用任何一个 Service 上的任何方法,同时 Service 是懒加载的,只有当访问到它的时候才会去实例化它。

class PostController extends Controller {
  async create() {
    const { ctx, service } = this
    const author = ctx.auth.uid
    const post = Object.assign(ctx.data, { author })
    // 调用 service 进行业务处理
    return service.post.create(post)
  }
}

Service 的具体写法,请查看 Service 章节。

定制 URL 化返回的状态码

class PostController extends Controller {
  async create() {
    // 设置状态码为 201
    this.ctx.status = 201 // 仅当使用 HTTP/HTTPS 请求时生效
  }
}

服务(Service)

业务逻辑封装的一个抽象层,有以下几个好处:

  • 保持 Controller 中的逻辑更加简洁。
  • 保持业务逻辑的独立性,抽象出来的 Service 可以被多个 Controller 重复调用。
  • 将逻辑和展现分离,更容易编写测试用例。

使用场景

  • 复杂数据的处理,比如要展现的信息需要从数据库获取,还要经过一定的规则计算,才能返回用户显示。或者计算完成后,更新到数据库。
  • 第三方服务的调用,比如 微信模板消息推送 等。

如何编写 Service

所有的 Service 文件都必须放在 service 目录下,可以支持多级目录,访问的时候可以通过目录名级联访问。

// service/post.js
const Service = require('uni-cloud-router').Service
// 必须继承 Service
module.exports = class PostService extends Service {
  async create(data) {
    return this.db.add(data)
  }
}

定义的 Service 类是懒加载的,只有当访问到它的时候才会去实例化它,会有下面几个属性挂在 this 上。

  • this.ctx:当前请求的上下文对象的实例,通过它我们可以拿到各种便捷属性和方法。
  • this.service:应用定义的 service,通过它我们可以访问到抽象出的业务层,等同于 this.ctx.service
  • this.db:等同于 uniCloud.database()
  • this.curl:等同于 uniCloud.httpclient.request
  • this.throw:抛出异常信息,等同于 this.ctx.throw

使用 Service

在 Controller 中调用 Service

中间件(Middleware)

在路由请求前,后添加处理逻辑,实现一些特定功能,如:用户登录,权限校验等

开发中间件

与 koa 保持一致,参考:koa 中间件

// middleware/auth.js
const uniID = require('uni-id')
module.exports = (options) => {
  // 初始化 uniID 配置
  uniID.init(options)
  // 返回中间件函数
  return async function auth(ctx, next) {
    // 校验 token
    const auth = uniID.checkToken(ctx.event.uniIdToken)
    if (auth.code) {
      // 校验失败,抛出错误信息
      throw { code: auth.code, message: auth.message }
    }
    ctx.auth = auth // 设置当前请求的 auth 对象
    await next() // 执行后续中间件
  }
}

示例:

使用中间件

  1. 通过 config.js 配置
const auth = require('./middleware/auth.js') // 引入 auth 中间件
module.exports = {
  debug: true, // 调试模式时,将返回 stack 错误堆栈
  baseDir: __dirname, // 指定应用根目录
  middleware: [
    [
      //数组格式,第一个元素为中间件,第二个元素为中间件生效规则配置
      auth({ tokenSecret: 'tokenSecret-demo' }), // 注册中间件
      { enable: true, ignore: /\/login$/ }, // 配置当前中间件生效规则,该规则表示以`/login`结尾的路由不会执行 auth 中间件校验 token
    ],
  ],
}
  1. 中间件配置项
  • enable 控制中间件是否开启。

  • match 设置只有符合某些规则的请求才会经过这个中间件。

    支持类型:

    • 字符串:当参数为字符串类型时,配置的是一个 action 前缀,所有以该字符串作为前缀的 action 都会匹配上。
    • 正则:当参数为正则时,直接匹配满足正则验证的 action。
    • 函数:当参数为一个函数时,会将请求上下文传递给这个函数,根据函数结果(true/false)来判断是否匹配。
    • 数组:可以由字符串,正则,函数组成,任意一个匹配到即可
  • ignore 设置符合某些规则的请求不经过这个中间件。

    支持类型:同 match

Context

Context 是一个请求级别的对象,在每一次收到用户请求时,会实例化一个 Context 对象,这个对象封装了这次用户请求的信息,并提供了许多便捷的方法来获取请求参数或者设置响应信息。框架会将所有的 Service 挂载到 Context 实例上

获取方式

最常见的 Context 实例获取方式是在 Middleware, Controller 以及 Service 中。

// 在 Controller 中通过 this.ctx 获取 Context 实例
module.exports = class UserController extends Controller {
  async login() {
    const data = this.ctx.data // 从 Context 实例上获取请求参数
  }
}
// 在 Service 中通过 this.ctx 获取 Context 实例
module.exports = class PostService extends Service {
  async create(data) {
    const auth = this.ctx.auth // 从 Context 实例上获取 auth(需要启用 uni-id 中间件)
  }
}
// 在 Middleware 中通过 ctx 参数获取 Context 实例
module.exports = (options) => {
  // 返回中间件函数
  return async function auth(ctx, next) {
    const data = ctx.data // 从 Context 实例上获取请求参数
    await next()
  }
}

客户端

发送请求

// 使用 uniCloud 访问
uniCloud.callFunction({
  name: 'router', // 要调用的云函数名称
  data: {
    action: 'user/login', // 路由地址,对应 controller 下 user.js 的 login 方法
    // 参数列表
    data: {
      // controller 通过 this.ctx.data 获取
      username: 'demo',
      password: 'demo',
    },
  },
})
// 使用 URL 化 request 访问
uni.request({
  url: 'xxxxx/router/user/login', // 路由地址,对应 controller 下 user.js 的 login 方法
  data: {
    // controller 通过 this.ctx.data 获取
    username: 'demo',
    password: 'demo',
  },
})

返回结果

{
  "code": "", // 异常 code,如:"INVOKE_FUNCTION_FAILED"
  "message": "", // 异常信息
  "stack": "" // 当 config.js 中配置 debug 为 true 时,返回发生异常的堆栈信息
  // 其他信息
}
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